VATCalculator UK

£18 plus VAT

£18 plus 20% VAT is £21.60. The standard-rate VAT on £18 is £3.60. Change the amount or rate in the calculator below.

Enter values above to calculate.

To add UK VAT, multiply the net amount by 1 + (rate ÷ 100). At the standard 20% rate that is × 1.20, so £18 × 1.20 = £21.60, of which £3.60 is VAT.

UK VAT rates: 20% standard (most goods and services), 5% reduced (domestic energy, children's car seats), 0% zero-rated (most food, books, children's clothes). Zero-rated still appears on VAT returns; exempt supplies (insurance, finance, education) do not.

How it works.

Formula: net × (1 + rate ÷ 100) = gross.

  1. Convert the rate: 20 ÷ 100 = 0.20.
  2. VAT amount: £18 × 0.20 = £3.60.
  3. Gross: £18 + £3.60 = £21.60 (or £18 × 1.20).
Worked examples
£18 + 20% VAT = £21.60 — the standard-rate VAT is £3.60, added on top of the £18 net price.
On a receipt — a £18 item shown ex-VAT rings up at £21.60 once 20% VAT is added at the till.
At the 5% reduced rate (domestic energy, children's car seats): £18 + 5% = £18.90, a VAT amount of £0.90.
Related: Remove VAT from £21.60 £15 plus VAT £20 plus VAT VAT amount tables
Sources: HMRC VAT rates · retrieved 2026-06-18.

Frequently asked questions

How much is 20% VAT on £18?
The VAT is £3.60. Multiply the net amount by 0.20: £18 × 0.20 = £3.60. Add it to the net price and the gross (VAT-inclusive) total is £21.60.
What is £18 plus VAT?
£21.60. To add standard-rate VAT, multiply by 1.20: £18 × 1.20 = £21.60. The 1.20 multiplier is the same as adding 20%.
What if the reduced 5% rate applies to £18?
Some supplies (domestic energy, children's car seats, some mobility aids) are charged at 5%, not 20%. At 5%, the VAT on £18 is £0.90 and the gross is £18.90.